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Scientifc Aspects of Euthanasia



Euthanasia is a very complex issue because it generates a lot of controversy among humanity, mostly produced by the ignorance of the people, that is why the principal objective of this paper is to show some of the scientific aspects of euthanasia, with the intention of increase the information that the reader posses so he can determine his position about euthanasia with the hugest amount of information possible.



Before entering completely in the issue the reader must be aware of some basic definitions of the euthanasia to understand better the issue: The principal definition of euthanasia is: “The intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit.” But it has two sub-divisions which are: “Non-voluntary euthanasia: When the person who is killed made no request and gave no consent.” And “Involuntary euthanasia: When the person who is killed made an expressed wish to the contrary”. The euthanasia is sometimes confused with the assisted suicide which is a little different; The basic difference between these subjects is that in euthanasia the physician (or the person who “helps” the patient) make the last action that will end the live of the patient and in assisted suicide the patient do the last action that will end his life. These are just some basic definition of which people must be aware when discussing the issue, I also want to add that currently just two countries (Netherlands and Belgium) and one state () allow euthanasia and/or assisted suicide.



Now to give a more realistic view of euthanasia I decided to use the as the principal example of it. In the Netherlands the use of euthanasia is reserved to patients with terminate ills or unbearable suffering of either mental or physical nature, but some doctors have told that they have used this “treatment” on disabled newborns arguing that they were under unbearable pain, but others “doctors who specialize in pain treatment have repeatedly pointed out that new pain control medications have effectively eliminated the pretext of uncontrollable pain as an excuse for euthanasia.”(MLA reference). The case of the newborns is just one of several issues that are currently creating division among the medical community, because the supporters of euthanasia want to add to the list of possible candidates the “elderly people who are healthy but “tired of life”.” And they do not want to stop there, their main goal is introduce euthanasia as a treatment in which the physician could decide if the patient requires euthanasia. Medical community in Netherlands had accepted euthanasia but the officials statements of most of the medical organizations in the world are against it( The world medical association emitted a resolution in May of 2001 with two finals points: “1.- The World Medical Association reaffirms its strong belief that euthanasia is in conflict with basic ethical principles of medical practice, and 2.- The World Medical Association strongly encourages all National Medical Associations and physicians to refrain from participating in euthanasia, even if national law allows it or decriminalizes it under certain conditions.” ), because they argue that medicine has been created as a way to preserve life; The Hippocrates’ oath one of the basics fundaments of medicine say in one of his paragraphs : “I will follow that system of regimen which, according to my ability and judgment, I consider for the benefit of my patients, and abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to any one if asked, nor suggest any such counsel;”, this means that for medicine the idea of provide deadly medicine to a patient is completely opposed to his basics fundaments, this is why the issue turns very complicated although we are living in a completely different era than Hippocrates his knowledge and ethics had been preserved trough centuries and the acceptance of euthanasia will mean a complete change in the medicine ethics.