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Henny Posted 17 years ago
Grammar

English writing help please!

Hello!

I am learning to write & also to improve my english phrases & grammar/sentences.

Shall be very grateful if you can please help me to make my below article more interesting!Because, I am helpless of there's few repetitions & I do hope you'll try your best to reduce as well- if poss.

Manythanks in advance.

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The story of her life and a new birth for Egypt

Talented Cleopatra became Queen of Egypt at the age of 18 (51 B.C.)
She rapidly attained the existing conflict with the Roman Empire. Two
sons of the Roman consul were murdered in Alexandria one year back. To
guise her genius goodwill, Cleopatra supllied the presumed murderers
to Pompejus, one of the two powerful Roman leader who was challenging
for the Roman Empire. His deathly opponent was Julius Caesar. The
weird rumours revealed Cleopatra had a relationship with Pompejus'
youngest son, Gnaeius. She even granted her Egyptian soldiers to
Pompejus. All above sincere sympathies displayed that the ideal Queen
had showed so far for the Roman empire became the common subject of
discussions in Alexandria. Her approval to the Romans wasn't not
really appreciated, Still, Cleopatra's enemies were plotting to
overthrow her. Hence, with the help of the shrewd councillors, her
lenient brother reined her sole power when she was forced to flee.

Caesar, consul of Rome
Caesar was then consul of Rome all due to the best efforts of the
Egyptians. His Roman presence with his troops in Alexandria sparked
some issues hence the angry citizens revolted. In order to suppress,
Promising Caesar appealed Cleopatra to return for the good of these
two great rulers. However, Cleopatra refused as she was fully aware of
her murderous brother's spies. Hence by the cunning trick, through the
rolling carpet, she was brought to Caesar who was then dumbstruck
charmed. This inflamed Furious Ptolemy XIII who was helpless and had
to escape. Cleopatra was again announced Queen of Egypt by her beau,
Caesar.Yet, he gifted Ptolemy XIII the island of Creta to avoid his
next devise.

Riots in Alexandria
Alexandria had again bewitched the Roman leader who planned to to
learn philosophy and sciences there. Another good news Caesar was now
Cleopatra’s protector. Ptolemy XIII was not satisfied and with the
support of foreign troops, marched to conquer Alexandria by havening ,
the Egyptian ships first. To block their attack, Caesar was forced to
burn the ships still unfortunately also a part of the city was in
flames... The legendary Great Library of Alexandria was in ashes
during the battle, that was a great loss for humanity and even Caesar.
After a perillous war, he becomes master of Egypt after Ptomely’s
death. Then the Egyptian Queen and the Roman consul went for a cruise
on the Nile river. The final solution revealed in the beginning of
47BC, when Cleopatra was pregnant.

Caesarion's birth
June, 23rd 47 BC, Cleopatra gave birth Caesarion. Caesar had already
an adopted child, Octavianus. Luckily, Caesarion was happily accepted
by the Egyptians as Amon-Re's child. Cleopatra was then the one and
only ruler of Egypt. Moreover, she was safeguarded by the powerful
Roman empire. Meanwhile the distressed Romans felt Caesar was
Cleopatra's slave. Likewise, they disliked the eastern way of life,
especially the aristocracy. Anyway, popular Caesar, incredibly
extended the Roman empire. In February 44, he proclaimed himself
'Eternal Dictator'. It was a wild rumor that Caesar to become king of
the Roman Empire with Cleopatra as a Queen. Hence the angry
aristocracy plotted to murder Caesar. Clearly, Caesarion would be the
future ruler of both the Roman Empire AND the Egyptian kingdom.
Despite this would be approved only if the Roman senate accepted
Caesar's testament. During a reunion at the senate, Caesar was
murdered unexpectly. Soon entire Rome fell into a crisis period.
Octavianus and Antony were the logic successors of Caesar as he was
killed before he managed to impose Caesarion as his legitimate son.

A new battle for Rome rages
The Roman aristocracy was depressed of Caesar's life, especially
Eastern luxuryand influent Cleopatra. March, 15th 44 BC; Caesar was
murdered in the Senate. Kind hearted Caesar for lower class people,
had built arenas and other place of entertainment for Roman citizens.
His murder gave the whole country a huge uproar. Octavianus, his
adopted child, was then to rule because the senate rejected Caesarion
(3 years old) as Caesar's successor. The battle of Rome sparked
between Antony, supporter of Caesar and Octavianus, adopted child of
Caesar.
Before leaving for Egypt, Cleopatra met Antony who promised protect
her. In fact, he had met the Queen much before and was in love with
her. Yet, he sworn to make Caesar's testament legal in order to
bequeath the Roman empire to Caesarion and Cleopatra. Antony requested
her to stay back but she was much concerned of her Egypt.
Soon, the Roman Empire was divided into two, the old-partisans of
Caesar and the republicans (those who ordered Caesar's death). Near
Egypt, the republicans were pursued by Caesar's partisans. Cleopatra
still refused to help anyone of the struggling armies. There were
Roman troops in Alexandria, supposing to protect Queen. On top of all,
she avoided their troubles if she agreed to support the republicans or
Caesar's partisans.

The Roman agreement
It was the second time such an agreement that divides the Roman Empire
in 3 parts. It was done among Octavianus, Antony and Lepidus
Antony was then the master of the Eastern part of the Empire, he
rapidly defeated the republicans opposed to Cleopatra. In order to
expand his power in the East, he travelled from one province to
another and restore the broken peace. He wants to meet Cleopatra at
Egypt as he wanted to be her ally. Since Egypt was still a powerful
and rich nation. However, Cleopatra refused to see him.

A new story begins
She finally agreed to meet Antony outside Egypt but this must be done
on her Egyptian ship, which is considered to be a part of the Egyptian
territory. Her ship was wonderful, richly decorated due to Cleopatra's
luxuous life. The meeting lasted four entire days.
In 41, Antony comes to Egypt. He adopted to Egyptian customs:
partying, eating and drinking. Cleopatra enjoys Antony's presence but
she doesn't forget that she has to keep an eye on the kingdoms that
surround Egypt. They are inseparable. In 40, Antony was obliged to
leave Egypt because a part of his territory had been conquered by
Parthes. Six months later, Cleopatra gave twins: Cleopatra Selene (=
moon) and Alexander Helios (son).

A forced deal
Antony was already married before he met Cleopatra. His former wife
summoned him back. He was precautious for Octavianus and Lepidus hence
he wanted to remain Cleopatra's ally. In order to strengthen his
official power, he has to make an agreement with Octavianus and
Lepidus. He was forced to marry Octavianus' sister and get the child
together. The struggle for the Roman Empire was finally end. Antony
obtained the East, while Octavianus the West and Lepidus Africa.
Cleopatra was furious as her nearest ennemies were then Roman allies.
Antony won two battles in the East but struggled again with
Octavianus. An new agreement between Octavianus, Antony and Lepidus
was done to avoid a new war between Roman leaders.

Antony left his wife (who had three kids) for Antioch. He wanted to
meet his beau Cleopatra again. Antony agreed to give her some
territory, less than expected. hence she was victorious. She also
seemed to be again in love with Antony because she gave a new son:
Ptolemaeus Filadelfos. Cleopatra remained satisfied though Antony was
defeating some important battles. Meanwhile, Cleopatra imposed her
diplomatic agreements with neighbouring powers in order to retain
peaceful Egypt.

Egypt's power at its peak
Octavianus was still very ambitious, he grabbed Lepidus' territory:
Africa. Cleopatra was worried and persuaded Antony to stay back
Egypt. Antony's decision to stay in Egypt has an important
consequence, he refused to meet his wife Octavia and this caused a
break between them.
Caesarion was 13 years old, Cleopatra Selene and Alexander Helios are
7 while Ptolemaeus is 2. Greedy Cleopatra wanted some more territory
for her children. Instead, she accepted the whole gifts for herself
as her children were too young to rule. It was a turning back to the
Great Egypt of the early Ptolemy times. Octavianus started a
propaganda war against her in Rome. There were rumors in Rome, Antony
was not anymore a Roman as he was under Cleopatra's control. Moreover,
Antony avoided global conflict but he feared for his life. Meanwhile,
Cleopatra's army was increasing hence sparked some alerts to Antony's
old friends. They preferred to go back to Rome, although they knew
from Antony's testament: he wanted to be buried in Alexandria, not in
Rome. That little detail was a enough to declare war to Antony and
Cleopatra. For the Romans, it was revealed that Antony was not a Roman
at all. Hence Antony was officially dismissed, and the war was
declared. Soon, Octavianus grabbed all his forces: 70000 men and 12000
riders. But Cleopatra already owned a bigger army with Antony at its
head: 100000 men and 12000 riders, 500 warships. The battle was began
in Actium (Greece)

A glorious defeat
It was the decisive battle as all troops from each belligerents were
involved. The Egyptian superiority was very obvious but they had some
food supply problem to the soldiers because smart Roman troops
encircled Antony's ships. A second problem occured as Dellius (one
of Antony's friends) escaped with the battle plans. Hence, Antony
attacked his ships. After four days of storm, the final battle took
place in Actium. The result was already known, Cleopatra knews it too
and sailed away. Shocked Antony decided to abandon his army to flee
with his lover. Finally, The Romans were victorious.
While back at Egypt, the kingdom was weakened. Antony was hopeless at
all especially responsibility for the defeat in Actium, She knew the
Roman troops would soon be in Alexandria, and she never wanted to be
Octavianus' slave. However she had no choice when Octavianus gets
closer, Egypt was nearly encircled. Cleopatra wanted an pacific
agreement, Antony would accept to become an citizen of Egypt or Greece
without any important function. Antony was prepared to give his life
to save Queen. However, Octavianus wanted Cleopatra to be his 'slave'
and to surrender her sceptre in sign of submission. Apparently, she
prefered to die instead of being dishonored. She ordered the building
of her mausoleum, a big squared tower with two windows. She put inside
all her precious treasures and prepared to burn in case the Romans
want to rob them. Antony preferred a man-to-man fight but Octavianus
refused. A great part of Antony's troops was also surrendering, the
rumours mentioned that Antony who was compared to Dyonisos has lost
his protector God.
Betrayed Antony's generals lied him that Cleopatra had died in her
mausoleum. Heartbroken Antony drew his sword and commited suicide.
While, bleeding Antony , Cleopatra's secretary informed him that she
was very much alive in her mausoleum. Antony, nearly dead, managed to
see Cleopatra there. Griefed Queen torn her clothes to cover him.

A premedited suicide
Octavianus was in Alexandria and feared for her burning mausoleum to
avoid her treasury to be stolen. Although, he wanted her alive to
take her to Rome, to show his victory. Octavianus sent his messenger
to capture Cleopatra. Soon mausoleum was then Cleopatra's prison. Her
children were also captured except Caesarion who fled to the south.
She began hunger strike, she rapidly weakened but if she die, her
children would be killed. She ate again although still weak. She
offered jewels to Octavianus and she even tried to seduce him. The
departure for Rome was in three days, just enough for Cleopatra to
prepare her suicide. She asked her servants Iras and Charmion to bring
her a snake in a fruit basket. Meanwhile she wrote a letter to
Octavianus asking him to be put next to Antony after her death. When
Octavianus received the letter, it was too late, Cleopatra was found
dead with her two servants. She had made it, the 39 years old glorious
queen had once again won ... It seemed that nothing could stop her,
not even death.
  
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