The charges have been dropped -- means that the authorities decided not to pursue the case against the cop (for example because of a lack of evidence).
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Madhulk Assault charges dropped against cop.This is a case of abbreviated headline style getting in the way of meaning. It should be 'assault charges against cop dropped'. As it is, it sounds like the charges were dropped, falling against the cop. But the truncated headlines don't like to end in a verb.