Context:
The experiment was conducted in the basement of Jordan Hall (Stanford's psychology building). Twelve of the twenty-four participants were assigned the role of prisoner (nine plus three alternates), while the other twelve were assigned the role of guard (also nine plus three alternates). Zimbardo took on the role of the superintendent, and an
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undergraduate http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_assistant the role of the warden. Zimbardo designed the experiment in order to induce
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disorientation,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depersonalization and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deindividualization in the participants.
The researchers held an
orientation session for guards the day before the experiment, during which they instructed them not to physically harm the prisoners. In the footage of the study, Zimbardo can be seen talking to the guards: "You can create in the prisoners feelings of boredom, a sense of fear to some degree, you can create a notion of arbitrariness that their life is totally controlled by us, by the system, you, me, and they'll have no privacy... We're going to take away their individuality in various ways. In general what all this leads to is a sense of powerlessness. That is, in this situation we'll have all the power and they'll have none."
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