Different intensity, duration, and effects on others

However, as Bentham realized, most human beings are capable of di?erent sorts of pleasure and pain from other animals. If we focus on the experience of pain, through language we are able to communicate and anticipate likely outcomes of actions in di?erent ways from other animals. This means that a human being who is, for example, in a prison cell awaiting torture, would probably experience more intense psychological su?ering than an animal in a similar posi-tion because the human would be able to anticipate the pain. This would make the overall quantity of pain higher in the case of a human being in this situation than it would an animal similarly placed.
This does not mean that animal su?ering doesn’t count, only that the su?ering may have a di?erent intensity, duration, and e?ects on others– all consequences that need to be given weight in a calcu-lation of the pleasure or pain that results from a course of action.

Philosophy: The basics

I've two questions to ask.

1. Do "the suffering" refer to "animak suffering"? or it's just the suffering in general?

2. What does the word "others" refer to? I am so confused about this word.

Many thanks