Both of them are said, especially in movies, though each seems to have a unique nuance. I don't know how to look at them grammatically-- if that is your question-- but 'you die' feels more directly suggestive of "I will personally kill you", where 'you are dead' has a more indirect tone, possibly meaning "you are dead to me", or "you are as good as dead".
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YoHfI'd go for:This is a perfectly correct conditional sentence. It expresses a hypothetical situation. In the original, using present tenses, I believe it sounds like the threat is really there, or suspected.
If you stole my money, you would be dead
or
If you stole my money, you would die
PhilipYou embarass me...
This is a perfectly correct conditional sentence.