'd (would,did,had).how can I differentiate between them in conversation?

Here are valid conversational and long forms.

How'd you play tennis? ie How did you play tennis?
How'd you play tennis? ie How would you play tennis?
How d'you play tennis? ie How do you play tennis?
How'd you played tennis? ie How had you played tennis? (This is not very likely to be said)

In most conversations, the context will he

As a native speaker which one will come to your mind when I say such a question?

Anonymous 'd (would,did,had).how can I differentiate between them in conversation?

If connected to a question word, 'd is did. Who'd you talk to?
Otherwise, if a plain verb form follows, 'd is would. I'd like a pizza. They'd say "yes".
Otherwise, if a past participle form follows, 'd is

You need to give me a context.

People don't normally just walk into a room and say .How'd you play tennis?
If someone did, I'd ask 'What do you mean? What are you talking about?'

Clive