There may be certain ways that this sentence could technically be explained or justified, but to me it effectively seems like an error. This would be more usual: If this question had been asked 30-40 years ago for example, I guess that the answer would have been unequivocal.
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Jonathan1I thought about this formulation with the third conditional, but it indicates that the question wasn't asked in the past.Normally yes, but I think in this case not necessarily. "had been" could be referring to an imagined or hypothetical occasion when the question may have been asked, rather than a real occasion when it wasn't.