Yes, schedule is used in relation to TV programmes: after an interruption to a TV broadcast, for example for a breaking news story, the news anchor may say "We now return you to the scheduled programme" or something similar. Also if you use a set-top box to watch TV, the display that shows the channels available and the programmes that will be shown on those channels is probably best described as a schedule. Timetable has a similar meaning and people would understand what you meant, but in my experience timetable is not used in relation to TV programmes.
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