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he Pursuit of Equality and Justice Through Affirmative Action

Affirmative action is an outcome of the 1960's Civil Rights Movement, intended to provide equal opportunities for members of minority groups in education and employment. Through the usage of affirmative action many men and women of minority race were able to achieve access to many open job opportunities, and an equal opportunity for education that was once exclusive to them. Through the evolution of our society shows that humans have grown and achieved so much throughout the years our treatment of not treating others as equal has not. There is discrimination of people of color, scrutinize their past, block out job opportunities, and access to the best education is limited. If society is not willing to grow and accept minority races into every aspect of society then how can minorities races ever be equal? How can minority races get ahead if they're given no chance to? How can minorities groups live a successful life when they're not given the same chances as people who aren't of color?. That's when affirmative action comes into play. Affirmative action diminishes discrimination in its tracks allowing many races to have the same equal chances as people who aren't of color. It is also “designed to enhance employment, educational, or business opportunities”( Kellough, 2006, p.4) Imagine a world where minorities are embraced with open arms and welcomed into every aspect of society. Imagine a world where minorities are given equal opportunities in the workforce, an equal education or acceptance into any prestigious college they may want to go to without being discriminated or scrutinized. Imagine a world where minorities aren't just considered as bottom feeders and left overs. Imagine a world where minorities are considered as equals. That world could be achieved by policies that promote affirmative action. Affirmative action is highly effective in achieving racial balance in business, education, and military

Business

Before affirmative action, business opportunities were limited to people of colour. Not many races could obtain jobs just because of color of their skin even if they had the right qualifications. In a study done by the Urban Institute College (Chemerinsky,1996, p.315). Students both African American and Caucasian that both looked rather presentable were each given the same resumes with the same credentials and the same script to say to their employers. The study resulted in the caucasian students receiving 41 percent more job offers more than the african american students, the caucasian students received interviews 22 percent more often than the african american students did, and lastly wages were offered 17 percent higher then offered to African American students.“On average the professional degree for an African American man earns 70 percent of what a white man earns”(Chemerinsky, 1996, p. 316). “Although whites suffer from recessions too, they experience far less job loss than do blacks” (Cohn,2000, p.16). “One of the reasons the black unemployment indicator has declined is that obstacles to black employment are so high in some places that blacks become discouraged workers and drop out of the labor force”(Cohn, 2000, p.17).Just these two facts prove that business isn't as balance and equal as it claims to be. People of color are being rejected left and right for jobs just for the color of their skin even when they the right qualifications and with the same degrees people of color still are left overs only receiving half the amount as a person of color wouldn't receive. Meaning that people who aren't of color can't even go out into the world and find a decent job without having their race put into question and also people of color are receiving lesser pay than some who aren't of color. It is perceived that “Affirmative action policies can potentially create a stigma that minorities and women obtain positions in a company based on gender, race, or ethnicity”(Advantages and Disadvantages of Affirmative action in the workplace,”para. 5). But if this were true why in the study african americans are still not getting hired when they have the right qualifications and how can there be an unbalance in the pay level but also be fair? How can there be stigma if African Americans are not being hired and not paid as much as people of not color?. There isn't stigma. There can't be stigma when people of color aren't given equal fairness to jobs that they are highly prepared for and get paid the equal amount. Besides people of color unable to gain access to job offers and equal pay they are also being robbed of diversing many companies. Companies need to admit that they are driving away people of color over nothing except the color of their pigment and they need to admit when they're not paying people of color their due when it's needed the most. With race why does race matter when trying to get a job when skills is the most important aspect in a job? But since color matters so much there is bound to be no type of diversity. And for equal pay how can it be equal when people of color aren't even getting their due? Both of these problems could be fix with the usage and implementation of affirmative action. “Affirmative action helps create a level playing field that gives everyone an equal opportunity to compete for a job and career. It ensures that no person is disadvantaged or treated unfairly during the hiring process because of their race, ethnicity or gender. It is about fairness and justice for all”. “Embracing affirmative action can provide business with a means of making a moral commitment to the ideal of just or equal treatment for all”(“Advantages and Disadvantages of Affirmative action in the Workplace”, para. 3) Affirmative action puts companies in a position where they must embrace other cultures and races in order to have equal fairness for all and diversity in the workforce which also them creates a balance. Some naysayers believe “A major disadvantage of affirmative action in the workforce is the reality or percept of reverse racism is the ideal of reverse racism”(Advantages and Disadvantages of Affirmative Action in the Workplace”, para 7) But consider the odds. A person of color, with the same credentials and qualifications as another man who isn't of color but they're not chosen over the other because of their skin color and not received equal pay. People of color struggle either way. Whether they have the right qualifications or no, there is still bound to be a roadway in the way. Reverse racism is just a card pulled by people who aren't of color who do not understand the struggles of people who are of color. People who aren't of color don't have to face rejection, they don't have to face the odds that they won't be hired or not, and they surely don't have to face not being equal. Affirmative action brings fairness and equality. It brings balance and justice. It brings opportunity and chances for those who didn't have it before. If there is a solution to the growing epidemic of many people of color not being able to obtain a job it's the use of affirmative action. A balance can be achieved through this. Affirmative action is capable of achieving racial balance in business along with diversity and more opportunities for people of color.

Education

Getting into a prestigious college as a minority is rather challenging because of the criteria. Minorities or people of color have not been given the chance to be guaranteed the best education. Minorities are forced to constantly deal with the back of the hand of many colleges due to their background and or skin color and like before even with the right credits and the right grades minorities are still nothing but scraps so only few are able to taste the glory of a good well education. But that so rarely happens now to the point where college diversity doesn't exist. Most of the campus’s are filled with people who aren't of color. “Because intergenerational mobility is tied to college attendance and joining america’s leadership is linked to admission to the top selective universities and graduate programs, the removal of affirmative action would only increase the already overwhelming whiteness of the upper echelon of american society” said by Toure(2012). Toure then continued with “The U.s.a's top universities and graduate schools are white”.Without the usage of affirmative action, colleges if up to the higher ups would be filled with people who aren't of color meaning causians. Where does this lead people of color? Don't they deserve the right to a good education just like any other person? Admissions into colleges is difficult. Minorities are faced with the struggle of overcoming something that's basically impossible because the outcome is deadly slim. Going back to the same Toure,“A study by Stacy Dale and Alan Krueger found that graduating from selective universities does not increase the earnings likelihood for middle-class whites but does significantly increase the earnings likelihood for black and hispanic students and those from less affluent backgrounds”.Facing the music, with the schools filled to the brim with people who aren't of color who have benefitted from the beginning of their life to now will still have the same advantages when they're out of college but if minorities went to prestigious school and graduated they would be open to new opportunities. But going back to the fact. Colleges are commonly white which is a problem because there's no diversity or fairness in the admission pool. Admissions are color based when they should be equal. Accepting people of color with the right qualifications. Affirmative action is needed in the college admissions pool because the higher ups are truly bias in the decision making of students of color without thinking about the effects of these poor people. Without an education people of color cannot have a successful life full of endless careers and an equal part in society. Back to the point colleges are racist and discriminate in their choice of candidates. There is no fairness or equality. Simply using affirmative action could stop this rampaging problem. This disgusting epidemic. This unjust treatment. This atrocious act that has violated many people of race mentally and physically and has stomped on their hearts and dreams. That has stomped on many people of color who have gone far and wide to get to the place they are now just to get knocked down by a rejection letter. Rejection that they have faced throughout their life. Rejection that has kissed and has clung itself upon these innocent men and women. It's in every person they encounter. It's in the morning sun, the evening sky, the dark night. The education system is so fragile and rigid.“20 percent less is spent on average on the black child's elementary and the secondary schooling compared to the white child” (Chemerinsky, 1996, p. 324) We're dealing with a school system that doesn't even want to spend money on a kid who isn't of color. A innocent kid who hasn't even started life. Has gotten a job. Has encountered family, friends and teachers. A kid who doesn't even know he or she is not getting the fair equal education. A kid who may not even know what discrimination is. We're setting kids of color up to fail miserably. To know that they will never be equal. To know they will never amount to nothing in a society that won't let them. To be nothing but a leftovers. To not fight it when they are rejected. That's sicking. Inhumane. And the cause is our bias and prejudice. The colleges bias and prejudice. How can be so cold as to let an innocent child encounter failure?. Humans failed this kid. failed to protect his or her rights. We failed to entitled this kid to the same education as any other student. We failed because we placed this kid in a position to be nothing. To not get into the bestest of colleges. We should want to help this kid and build up children to have and suck up knowledge but we don't. We failed this kid not the other way around. Back to the college admissions. Do we dare turn our heads away from affirmative action when it can help? We do but break it down. Affirmative action helps. It benefits. In the article mentioned before it is said that if affirmative action is used “removing race from the admissions equation forces schools to be blind to one of the key factor in people's live. That key factor being discrimination. Again the naysayers will claim that other students who have the right grades and qualifications won't be picked over the student who has the least qualifications and is unfit to even get into the school. But that's not true. Affirmative action doesn't just pick students who aren't the same in balance. Meaning affirmative action won't pick a student with the least qualifications over another because he or she is of color. Affirmative action rightly picks people of color who have the same qualifications and grades who was rejected over nothing but the color of their skin. It's a fair tool. It doesn't pick students over the other. It simply rights what is humanly wrong. Rights what is immoral. Denying people of race just because of their color is immoral. Fairness and equality is quickly thrown out the window to make way for bias and unjust treatment. There is no balance. Affirmative action is like a hero. Slaying discrimination at every turn. Diminishing unjust actions. Saving these poor people. Making them equal. Something that should have been done a long time ago. Enacting affirmative action creates a more balance society. Makes the odds equal. Makes everyone treated fair. And surely prompting equal fairness and equality.

Mitary

Affirmative action has benefitted many minorities who are willing to fight for the home of the brave. Minorities are willing to risk their own life for our country and yet we aren't willing to make them equal before but asserting affirmative action has greatly benefitted minorities in the long run. But before that discrimination was a dependent variable in the military. Being promoted was a challenge in itself for people of color because they never had a chance. “The board takes into consideration past assignments, evaluation rating, education and promotability to the next level after the one under consideration”(The Army's success,” para 2). “The number of blacks who are promoted from captain to major a virtual prerequisite for an officer seeking an army career. Meaning that people of color are already at an disadvantage considering that their promotability is at a low”(“The Army's success,” para 4) and as for education people of color as settled before aren't given the benefit of the doubt or the chance so they disadvantage is raised higher. How can people of color be promoted officer if they're not given that opportunity? How can they be evaluation when the evaluation was bias from the start? Affirmative action has helped alleviate these problems. Because of affirmative action “The strongest candidates are eliminated quickly so are the weakest ones”( The Army's success,” para 2) making it fair for both people who aren't of color and people of color. There is a balance that is found. Affirmative action also makes sure that “all candidates are held to the same standards” Affirmative action promises a more equal and more balanced solution to the everyday prejudice and discrimination that plagues people who aren't color like. People of color are guaranteed their chance to rise above in the military. To become officials and to become commanders. This opportunity is welcomed if we welcome affirmative action. If we admit that affirmative action is helping. If we admit to ourselves that affirmative action does indeed affect our beings. And in a positive way. A balance is found in practice of affirmative action. A balance that accepts all people of color and promises the sweet delicious equality that comes with it.

Race Relations and social implications

“Affirmative action is often accused of being a racist system and this is usually based on the assumption that we live in a post-racist society, meaning racism is no longer an issue in the United States. If racism no longer exists, then why do we need programs that only benefit racial minority groups?” How can we live in a equal and fair society when people of color cannot obtain jobs and cannot get into the prestigious colleges? That's because we don't. We never did. No matter how much we try to teach others how to be fair and equal we are splashed with water. Kicked in the face. Dirt is thrown in our faces because some people much rather treat others unfairly. It is time to admit that minorities are not calling the shots. The society we live in is ruled by people who aren't of color. There isn't any semblance of balance because it's tipsy. The lines between fair and equality is blurred. “In 2015, we still see a large gap between the distribution of wealth of white homes and homes belonging to people of color. Residential segregation in neighborhoods exists.” ( “No, Affirmative Action Isn't Racist Against White People,” para 7). This an example that it's unfair. People of color aren't entitled to the prettiest houses or not entitled houses at all. If this society was really ruled by minorities wouldn't people of color have houses just the same as people who aren't of color? This is an imbalance in racial importance and race relations. One race is held above the other and in this society it is perceived that one race so far is superior to the others. Some naysayers will say that affirmative action is letting one race benefit more than the other but first when affirmative action benefitted that certain race(s) over the others but these naysayers are most likely not people of color and these so called naysayers won't say that “when programs (meaning affirmative action) and policies largely benefit white people they generally aren't considered affirmative action much like the way financial aid and tax breaks received by middle and upper class people aren't perceived as welfare” ( “No, Affirmative Action Isn't Racist Against White People,” para 7). This is not fair. Affirmative action can once benefit people who aren't of color and not be labeled as racist or not fair but when it benefits people of color it's now not fair. There is no way to have one or the other. It's either not fair or it is fair. And from prior knowledge affirmative action has helped. It has helped make way for people of color who have been the back curtain and people aren't of color are the spotlight. It has boosted people of color to higher standings such as in military and a better education. If this tool was truly evil then how can it benefit people? How can it improve the lives of minorities. That's because it isn't. It never was a bad tool. This tool has created nothing but balance. It has made people equal. The problem with this to naysayers is the fact that it makes everyone equal. That's the problem. People share a part of the pie and not half of it up. Fairness comes with equality. Balance comes with equality. With no balance there's no equality. With equality we can need balance. And to have both equality and balance we need the usage of affirmative action.

Politics

Affirmative action has proven effective in helping many races find a place in office. “A significant number of African Americans held office, including two u.s senators and 20 members of the house”(“Affirmative Action”, para 10) and “Bringing about African participation in elections for the first time(“Affirmative Action”, para 10) Affirmative action is successful in helping people of color into office. This has a major impact along with politics. With politics there's business. And with affirmative action there's success. Guaranteeing people of color a place in office promotes good ethics and logical sense. We know that people of color are the last to be picked. They work their butts off and they have the right amount of credentials and qualifications as any other person who isn't of color and to see this person go into office without prejudice or discrimination because of affirmative action it helps with the appeal of hiring minorities for business.

Success

Many individuals blind themselves to the obvious fact that race affects every aspect of our being. Race is not some virus we're immune to. It is not some disease that has been stopped. It's a widespread epidemic that has plagued people of color long enough. It has devastated and sullied the good name of many people of color. People need to open their eyes to reality. Discrimination is everywhere. There's no denying it. Implementing affirmative action has changed this. ”According to the American Society of News Editors study, minorities make up 12.3% of online only news staffs” and in“National association of black journalists released a study last month that found minorities filled 12% of the newsroom managerial positions at 295 stations owned by 19 media conglomerates (“What's wrong with Affirmative action-and Why we need it”, para 5) . That's a big step in the matter. Not even half would make up that population percentage. We owe this to affirmative action. Affirmative action has had quite the success. “ A significant number of the 1.3 million black government employees owe their jobs to affirmative action” in that same source “in addition most major corporations including some of the nation's largest employees have made significant progress in desegregating their workforces under affirmative action programs imposed on government contractors”( “Race, Liberalism, and Affirmative Action”, para 7 ). Affirmative action is indeed working it's magic. Correcting mistakes. Actually correcting unjust and unruly behavior and prejudice to people of color. Creating balance. Promising change. Making change. That is what we need In this society. Change. Equality. Balance. Bring affirmative action into play more often and we would have these things

Facing the odds let's see the world without affirmative action. Certain areas banned the usage affirmative action in college admissions. The end results resulted in U.C.L.A admissions of blacks dropping 9% to 3% and Hispanics dropping 19% to 17%, University of Texas blacks staying at 5% and Hispanics 17% but bumped to 21% when the ban was lifted, and Hispanics at Berkeley went from 120% to below 10%. This serious issue because “Hispanic and black enrollment at the University, Berkeley, and the University of California, Los Angeles dropped sharply after voters approves statewide ban on affirmative action”( “How minorities have fared in stars with Affirmative action,” para 2. We can not allow this to happen. We can't keep denying people of color an equal education. It's not fair. We can't keep letting people of color deal with the brute force of discrimination. We watch as discrimination beats down, tears down and breaks down people of color creating barriers that shouldn't be there. Do we really want to teach children of color that they will never amount to anything even if they study and work hard? Do we need to tell them that they should accept the fact they will always be a background voice in a sea of endless hate, discrimination, and prejudice. Must we tell them they are not equal. This planet, this world, our home isn't made for them? No matter who fought for people of color, no matter the many lives that were lost, no matter the struggles that were undergo to make everyone equal we wipe these accompliments off with our sleeve, brushing them off as if they didn't mean anything. There is still unfairness. There is no equality. There is no equal treatment. People of color may not be enslaved physically but they are enslaved in their hearts, they are enslaved when they cannot obtain jobs they are enslaved when they can't go to college and get the best education, they are enslaved by what society promised to end. Discrimination. They are enslaved by the cold hard hand of discrimination. Discrimination holds the chains to that oh so desired freedom and equality. It holds the key to the many possibilities in store for people of color. It holds everlasting peace and equality. Affirmative action overshadows this. We can have balance. Equality. Through affirmative action we get equality.

Affirmative action has benefitted the many. It has transformed a nation once filled with hatred and discrimination into one that takes measures to ensure that every single person is treated fairly and judged based off of efforts and accomplishments rather than the color of their skin. Through affirmative action equality and fairness was granted. A world where everyone is treated fairly and granted equal opportunity. A world that is much better than one where injustice goes untouched and unaddressed. Affirmative action is beneficial and creating a balance among the military, education, and business