They carry somewhat different meanings with and without 'by'.
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NotoriozHello everybody , Can I use the sentences below without 'by'? He frightened her by hiding behind the door (He frightened her hiding behind the door)He came by running (He came running)The first sentence, if written without the 'by', could mean "He frightened her hiding behind the door( possibly by employing a different way to frighten her)" Whereas, i