" In a parade, the ranks go across, the files go deep. A file is a column. If there are columns of men five abreast, then there are five columns.
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Yankee(i.e. the each column is 5 men long)It's a crazy thing. "Abreast" definitely means "side by side" and "columns" definintely means one behind the other. I just can't think of an analogy. I think "columns" is used in two ways in the same expression. There were scads of men (in columns), five abreast.