a "He punched her, which was retaliation for an earlier argument." b "He punched her as retaliation for an earlier argument." c "His punching her is retaliation for an earlier argument."
I have doubts about b), because "he punched her" is not a noun or gerund.
Top answer
He punched her in retaliation for an earlier argument. (And if the creep does it again, someone please call 911 or the police)
— JohnParis
He punched her in retaliation for an earlier argument.
(And if the creep does it again, someone please call 911 or the police)
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a "He allowed them to stay at his house, which was a favor" b "He allowed them to stay at his house as a favor" c "His allowing them to stay at his house was a favor."
I feel that b) is very wrong. "he allowed them to stay at his house" is neither a noun nor a gerund, but "favor" is a noun.