It does need the article. Take out secular (which merely modifies vocation) and you'll see the need for the article more clearly.
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Nona The BritI can't see it in that way.As you know, nouns are used many times unmodified as attributes/adjectives. I am not sure what the intent of the original writer was/might be.
For vocation to be an adjective it would have to be 'vocational'.
Secularly vocational?