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Persian Learner Posted 9 years ago
Grammar

Analysis

Hi.

We are having a hard time keeping up with the Joneses.

What's the form and function of the underlined part?

  

Top answer

A non-finite ing -clause (or non-finite noun clause) - form. A direct object complement - function.

  • A non-finite ing -clause (or non-finite noun clause) - form.
  • A direct object complement - function.
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2 Answers
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A non-finite ing-clause (or non-finite noun clause) - form.

A direct object complement - function.

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We are having a hard time keeping up with the Joneses.

"A hard time" is object of "have", but the subordinate gerund-participial clause is not an objective predicative complement; rather, it is a second complement of "have".

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