About stress pattern

Dear Teacher,

When I read English I can meet many compounds among which there are many compounds written with a space. I look them up in English dictionaries to find that they don't give the stress patterns to them, only their meanings. What can I do about this? How do the native speakers do about this? Where is the stress? Can I read the two words one by one according to their own stress patterns?

I have another question. When I read, I find that two words are linked by a hyphen at random and I cannot find them in English dictionaries, so I don't know if they are compound words. If they are, which word should we give the main stress to? There are some words like this:

legal-looking, pen-and-pencil box, fume-spewing manufacturing complexes, glass-enclosed lobby, palm-planted courtyard, a combination of moderm and mock-Spanish

What's the meaning of fire stairs? A compound? side trip? the stress?

Thank you in advance.