5. Getting into the nitty-gritty of constituent movement

05) 00Movement of constituents.02br
00In the following sonnet by William Shakespeare, certain constituents have been moved from an underlying post-verbal position to a pre-verbal position. Identify them. Are they arguments or adjuncts? Are these movements grammatical in modern English?02br
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00Underlined words are words I needed to translate. Btw, can someone help me to translate “erst” …. The german translations are written in brackets.02br
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00Bold words are moved constituents02br
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00Sonnet 1202br
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00William Shakespeare02br
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00When I do count the clock that tells the time,02br
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00And see the brave day sunk in hideous night;02br
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00When I behold the violet past prime,02br
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00And 01u00sable02u00 curls are silvered o´er with white; ( düster )02br
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00When 01b00lofty trees02b00 I see 01u00barren02u00 of leaves, ( öde )02br
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00Which 01u00erst02u00 from heat did 01u00canopy02u00 the herd, ( need translation for “erst” / bedecken )02br
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00And summer´s green all 01u00girded02u00 up in 01u00sheaves02u00, ( einfassen / Bündel )02br
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00Borne on the 01u00bier02u00 with white and bristly beard; ( Bahre )02br
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00Then of 01b00thy beauty02b00 do I question make,02br
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00That thou 01b00among the wastes of time02b00 must go,02br
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00Since sweets and beauties do 01b00themselves02b00 forsake,02br
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00And die as fast as they see others grow,02br
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00And nothing 01b00´gainst Time´s 01u00scythe02u02b00 can make defence ( Sense )02br
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00Save breed, to brave him when he takes thee hence.02br
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00Suggested answers:02br
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00Lofty trees – is an argument of “see”02br
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00Thy beauty – an argument of question02br
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00Among the wastes of time – an adjunct02br
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00Themselves – an argument of forsake02br
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00´gainst Time´s scythe – an argument of defend02br
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00 Whether they are grammatical in modern english or not, I do not really have an answer to that. I believe the first one ( lofty trees ) to be ungrammatical. The others seem to be grammatical to me. 0-