2. What are the reasons and effects of global warming?

Scientists and economists of many countries are working regularly in the field of global warming from many decades in order to figure out causes, effects, preventions measures, and solutions of it. In the last few decades, a huge level of change in the climate and weather has been seen clearly. It has disturbed the natural cycles and ecological balance in the atmosphere. The most important cause of increasing global warming is the effect of greenhouse gases which are emitted by human activities. In order to work together and solve this issue by the global effort, there is a group of scientists formed by the United Nations (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change or IPCC). This group works together to research the various causes, dangerous effects, effective prevention measures, and effective solutions.

According to the research and report of various highly skilled scientists, it is noted that ever increasing level of several greenhouse gases are highly responsible for warming of atmosphere. Combustion of fossil fuels by various means such as automobiles, cars, factories, electricity use, etc are responsible for emitting various green house gases like carbon dioxide, gases of sulphur and nitrogen, etc. Other contributors of the green house effect are methane (released by means of landfills, agriculture, digestive systems of grazing animals), nitrous oxide from various toxic fertilizers, gases released by means of refrigeration and industrial processes, loss of forests, etc.

The release of various toxic greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is increasing the atmospheric temperature as they have heat trapping abilities.

Methane gas molecules (20 times) and Nitrous oxide (300 times) have more ability to trap heat than CO2. In many countries the use of chlorofluorocarbons has been banned because they also have ability to degrade the ozone layer (a protective layer in the atmosphere) as well as high potential to trap heat thousands of times more than CO2. Other causes of global warming is deforestation which increases CO2 level, decreases oxygen level, drought, disturbs ecological balance, changes climate and changes weather patterns.